Use of resorbable screws for autogenous onlay block graft fixation: a histological analysis in rabbits.

The aim of the present in vivo study is to histologically evaluate and compare the use of resorbable screws based on poly(L-co-D,L lactide) 70:30 for fixation of autogenous bone grafts in rabbit tibiae. As control group, titanium (Ti-6Al-4V Grade V) screws were used. For this purpose, 15 white New Zealand male rabbits, aged 6 months and weighing between 3.8 and 4.5 kg, were used. From each animal, 2 total-thickness bone grafts were removed from the cranial vault: one was stabilized with a resorbable screw while the other was stabilized with a metallic one. Animals were divided into 3 groups, according to the sacrifice period: 3, 8, and 16 weeks postoperatively. After histological processing, cuts were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and submitted for descriptive histological analysis under light microscopy. It was found that the fixation system based on the polymer showed a histological behavior similar to metallic screws. For both groups, the bone graft was incorporated, with the presence of bone formation between the graft and receptor site. In none of the groups were undesirable inflammatory responses or foreign body reactions observed. Based on histological findings and on this experimental model, it is possible to conclude that the internal fixation system based on the poly(L-co-D,L lactide) 70:30 polymer is effective for fixation of autogenous bone grafts, with results that are comparable to the titanium fixation system.

Treatment of atrophic maxilla with zygomatic implants in 29 consecutives patients.

Atrophic maxilla is a common condition in older population; some treatments are proposed with bone reconstruction or zygomatic implant. Long-term follow up show the efficiencies of zygomatic implant but limited data are associated to consecutive patient. The aim of this study was to evaluate retrospectively the zygomatic implants performed consecutively in 29 patients. Data from clinical records of 29 patients treated with zygomatic implants were analyzed; were include patient with at least 10 month of prosthetic function. Four surgeons realized all surgeries using local anesthesia with a slot technique on local anesthesia; the variables analyzed were implant survival, complications, prosthetic load and satisfaction of patient; data collection was analyzed by descriptive statistic and chi-square test with p<0.05 for significance statistical. 67 zygomatic implants and 84 conventional implants were installed in patients between 35 and 69 year old being 18 (62%) female and 11 (38%) male.The main indication was the case of severe alveolar resorption in 21 cases (72.41%), followed by failures in maxillary reconstruction with bone graft in 4 (13.79%). The implant success was 79.1% and the immediate or delayed load was not associated to statistical difference (p=0.104). The main complication was the loss of osseointegration and mucositis. Analogue Visual Scale (AVS) for satisfaction show acceptable esthetic and function. Finally we conclude that zygomatic implant present adequate survivor and a good response of patient; important complication can be present in a learn curve for this surgery.

Seleccion de osteosintesis en la reconstruccion maxilar con injerto oseo de cresta Iliaca / Selection of osteosynthesis in maxillary reconstruction with iliac crest bone graft

La reconstrucci¢n ¢sea maxilar con injertos libres junto a la osteotom¡a Le Fort I ha sido desarrollada para dar respuesta a las necesidades cl¡nicas funcionales y est‚ticas de los pacientes, debido principalmente a la discrepancia antero-posterior de las maxilas atr¢ficas. Dentro de la t‚cnica, existe necesidad de osteos¡ntesis mediante fijaci¢n interna r¡gida (FIR) que puede ser desarrollada tanto con dispositivos met licos como con dispositivos reabsorbibles. El presente estudio eval£a el uso de ambos materiales de fijaci¢n, relatando las caracter¡sticas, comparaciones y situaciones cl¡nicas que podr¡an estar asociados a su elecci¢n.

The maxillary bone reconstruction with free flaps with LeFort I osteotomy has been developed to give answer to the functional and aesthetic clinical needs of patients, mainly due to the anteroposterior discrepancy of atrophic maxillae. Within the technique, there is need for osteosynthesis though rigid internal fixation (RIS) that can be developed as both metal devices and absorbable devices. This study evaluates the use of both fixing materials, relating the features, comparisons and clinical situations that might be associated with its choice.

Bone repair is influenced by different particle sizes of anorganic bovine bone matrix: a histologic and radiographic study in vivo.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to analyze histologically and radiographically the influence of particle size of anorganic bovine bone matrix (ABBM) on bone repair. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four calvarial defects of 8 mm each were prepared in 18 adult New Zealand rabbits. The defects were then filled with either particulate autogenous bone (control group) or ABBM of large, medium, and small size granules. The animals were sacrificed at 15, 30, and 60 days after surgery. The samples were radiographically examined before being submitted to histological processing. RESULTS: Autogenous bone showed a slight radiopacity at the beginning, which was increased at the final period, being very similar to the adjacent bone tissue. The large and medium size ABBM particles maintained the same radiographic behavior, showing a radiolucent area in the central portion of the defect at 60 days. ABBM of small size granules showed a slight radiolucity at the initial period, which was increased at the subsequent periods. More intense bone formation occurred in the control group (autogenous bone). All 3 particle sizes of the biomaterial resulted in inflammatory infiltration at 15 and 30 days. ABBM of small size granules lead to a greater amount of osteoid tissue, and the particles were almost totally reabsorbed within 60 days of implantation. CONCLUSIONS: Autogenous bone graft lead to the best result in terms of bone defect repair; ABBM of large and medium size granules are not totally reabsorbed at the observed period; ABBM of small size granules was more intensively reabsorbed and led to a greater osteoid tissue formation when compared to the medium and large ABBM granules.

Prospective clinical assessment of pulp sensitivity after chin bone harvesting.

PROPOSAL: Evaluate pulp vitality of mandibular teeth after chin bone harvesting. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty patients underwent chin bone harvesting and accompanied for 12 months, being submitted to testing for pulp vitality with Endo Ice refrigerant spray to produce a local temperature of -50 °C. The statistical analysis was executed with McNemar test with P value < 0.05. RESULTS: Results show that canine teeth are most susceptible to alterations; 68.82% (181) of the teeth tested showed no loss of pulp sensitivity to cold 30 days after surgery (P < 0.05), and at the end of the study, that figure had risen to 100% (263) of all teeth included in the sample. CONCLUSIONS: Pulp vitality testing showed that 31.18% (82) of teeth experienced some loss of sensitivity, but by 12 months after surgery, all teeth had recuperated their pulp sensitivity to cold unaided.

Uso da proteína morfogenética óssea recombinante humana-2 em levantamento de assoalho de seio maxilar / Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 in maxillary sinus floor augmentation

Pacientes desdentados posteriores frequentemente apresentam pneumatização dos seios maxilares, dificultando a colocação de implantes dentários. Atualmente, o material mais utilizado para o preenchimento de seio maxilar é o enxerto ósseo autógeno retirado de sítios intra ou extrabucais. Apesar desse procedimento ter sua eficácia comprovada clínica e histologicamente, nem sempre é bem tolerado pelos pacientes devido à morbidade associada à manipulação da área doadora. Por isso, vários substitutos ósseos vêm sendo desenvolvidos. A proteína óssea morfogenética recombinante humana-2 surgiu recentemente como uma alternativa aos enxertos autógenos, oferecendo excelente padrão de reparo e/ou neoformação óssea, quando utilizada na reconstrução de rebordos alveolares, possibilitando a reabilitação com próteses implantossuportadas. Nesse trabalho foi feita uma revisão da literatura e apresentação de caso de levantamento de assoalho de seio maxilar bilateral com o uso da proteína óssea morfogenética.

Edentulous patients in the posterior maxillary region frequently present pneumatization of maxillary sinuses, which makes difficult installation of dental implants. Nowadays, most commonly used materials for maxillary sinus filling are autogenous bone grafts from intra- or extra-oral donor sites. Despite the elevated clinical and histologic success rates of this procedure, it is always not well-tolerated by patients due to morbidity seen after donor site manipulation. For this, many bone substitutes have been developed. Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 appeared recently as an alternative to autogenous bone grafts, offering excellent patterns of bone repair and/or neoformation when used for reconstruction of alveolar ridges, allowing rehabilitation with implant-supported prostheses. The aim of this article is to perform a literature review and also to report a case in which bilateral elevation of maxillary sinus floor was performed along with rhBMP-2.

Surgical repositioning of osseointegrated malposed dental implant with segmental osteotomy.

After extensive research, the practice with dental implants has been used on a large scale. With the increase in its indications in various local conditions, more complications have been observed. Among these, one of the most frequent is the installation of the implants in a three-dimensional altered position, making the prosthesis and aesthetics more difficult to achieve. For this reason, techniques such as segmental osteotomy have been developed and adapted to implantology to reestablish the adequate position of these implants with correct aesthetic outcome and function. The present clinical report shows the segmental osteotomy technique in a malposed osseointegrated dental position of the upper central incisor with 1-year follow-up.

Evaluation of patients' perceptions of alterations after chin bone graft harvesting.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate patients' perceptions of alterations occurring after chin bone harvesting. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty patients were evaluated subjectively by visual analog scale-related sensitivity, facial aesthetics, eating, speaking, and lower lip movement, during 12 months. Objective analysis used the static light touch neurosensorial test. The statistical analysis was executed with Friedman test with P < 0.05 for both samples. RESULTS: Subjective analysis revealed no alterations (1) to facial aesthetics, eating, speaking or lower lip movement but sensitivity of the mental region went from a lot of alteration initially (5) to little at the end of the study (3). Objective analysis results showed normal sensitivity (1) in the region after 12 months. CONCLUSION: The discrepancy between subjective and objective analyses may be indicative of the limited precision of clinical testing for subjective impressions assessment.

Estudio radiográfico prospectivo de la reparación ósea en sínfisis mandibular posterior a la remoción ósea de mentón / Radiographic prospective study of osseous repair in mandibular symphysis after chin bone remove

El retiro de hueso de sínfisis mandibular ha sido utilizado ampliamente para diferentes procedimientos reconstructivos maxilofaciales. El objetivo de esta investigación fue establecer la existencia de la reparación ósea en el defecto creado en sínfisis debido al retiro de hueso. Treinta pacientes (22 mujeres, 8 hombres) de entre 21 y 65 años fueron operados para retirar hueso de mentón que fue posteriormente aplicado en reconstrucción ósea alveolar; las cirugías fueron realizadas por dos cirujanos maxilofaciales y los pacientes fueron evaluados con telerradiografías en la etapa preoperatoria, postoperatoria inmediata (PIn) y postoperatoria tardía (PTar), donde se realizaron medidas horizontales y verticales del defecto óseo; los valores fueron estudiados con la prueba t de Student con valor de p<0,05. Luego del retiro óseo se observó un defecto vertical promedio de 12,80+/-1,99 y horizontal de 8,33+/-1,77; luego de un año, se obtuvo una disminución de 32,8 por ciento en el sentido vertical y 50,3 por ciento horizontal, presentando significancia estadística en relación al PIn. Se concluye que existe reparación ósea del defecto originado en sínfisis siendo próximo al 30 por ciento-50 por ciento en la evaluación de un año posterior a la cirugía.

Bone harvest of mandibular symphysis has been used in maxillofacial reconstruction procedures. The aim of this research was to establish the presence of bone repair into osseous defect caused by removal of bone. Thirty patient s, 2 female and 8 male, ranging between 21 and 65 years of age underwent surgery for chin bone harvest and alveolar reconstruction. The surgery was performed by two maxillofacial surgeons and the patients were evaluated with lateral radiography in the pre-operatory stage, in early post-operatory and in late post-operatory stages. Horizontal and vertical measures of bone defect were realized; the dates were analyzed by Student t test with a value of p<0.05. After bone harvest, a vertical defect of 12.80 +/-1.99 was observed and a horizontal defect of 8.33 +/- 1.77 was observed. After one year the defect decreased to 32.8 percent in vertical evaluation, and 50.3 percent in the horizontal evaluation with a statistical significance (p<0.05) in relation to the early post-operatory stage. Therefore, we conclude that in bone repair of mandibular symphysis defect is close to 30 ­ 50 percent in a one-year follow-up.

Early osseous tissue formation associated to submerged and non-submerged dental implants: a histomorphometric animal study / Formación temprana de tejido óseo asociado a implantes dentales sumergidos y no sumergidos. Un estudio histomorfométrico animal

The purpose of this research was to compare the bone formation around submerged and non-submerged implants installed in a mandible of dog. Seven beagle dogs were used in this protocol; initially, was performed extraction of posterior teeth of mandible and after 3 month healing were installed two dental implants with surface treatment (subtraction of titanium via acidification) in each hemimandible. A transmucosal healing screw of 7 mm without oclusal contact was installed at the anterior implant as a model of non-submerged implant; in the posterior implant were installed a cover screw, using the submerged technique. After six weeks of healing, histomorphometric analysis of osseous tissue between the threads was performed. Was analyzed the implant unit as well as the cervical, meddle and apical region of implant. Student t test with 5 percent significance was used. The non-submerged implant model showed more bone formation than submerged implant without statistically significance (p=0.106); for regional analyses, cervical area shows more osseous formation than middle and apical areas. The regional analyses did not present statistical difference between areas for comparative analysis of submerged and non-submerged implant model. Non-submerged implant model it's not an obstacle for osseous formation.

El objetivo de esta investigación fue comparar la formación ósea alrededor de implantes dentales sumergidos y no sumergidos instalados en mandíbula de perro. Siete perros Beagle fueron utilizados en este protocolo; inicialmente fueron realizadas las exodoncias de dientes posteriores de mandíbula y luego de 3 meses de recuperación fueron instalados dos implantes dentales con tratamiento de superficie en cada hemimandíbula (substracción de titanio vía acidificación). En el implante anterior fue instalado también un conector transmucoso de 7 mm sin contacto oclusal y en el implante posterior fue instalado el tornillo de cierre. Luego de 6 semanas de recuperación, se realizó un análisis histomorfométrico del tejido óseo presente entre las roscas. Se analizó el implante como unidad así como también sus sectores cervical, medio y apical. Se utilizó la prueba estadística t de student con 5 por ciento de significancia estadística. El implante no sumergido presentó mayor formación ósea sin diferencias estadísticamente significativa (p=0.106); en los análisis regionales, el área cervical presentó mayor formación ósea que las áreas medianas y apicales. El análisis regional no presentó diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre ambos tipos de implante. El modelo de implante no sumergido no es un obstáculo para la formación ósea.

Retrospective four year analysis in 199 bone grafts of the alveolar ridge / Análise retrospectiva de quatro anos em 199 enxertos autógenos do rebordo alveolar

Objective: To evaluate the factors that lead to complications in autogenous bone grafting. Methods: Review of clinical records of the patients that were candidates for rehabilitation, between May 2004 and December 2008. With regard to the donor area, of the 199 reconstructions, 175 were autogenous bone graft procedures and 210 donor areas were acted upon.Results: A total of 48 procedures (24.12%) were grafts using particulate bone while sinus lift grafts were performed on 28 patients (14.07%).Osteogenesis distraction and inferior alveolar nerve lateralization were performed in five (2.51%) and three (1.51%) procedures respectively.Eleven autogenous bone grafts were lost, of which 90.9% were onlay block. Conclusion: The use of autogenous bone grafting in atrophic alveolar ridge reconstruction is a highly successful treatment, and the sinus lift procedure is the most predictable form of treatment.

Objetivo: Avaliar os fatores que levam às complicações em enxertia óssea autógena. Métodos: A amostra foi composta pela revisão de prontuários clínicos de pacientes candidatos à reabilitação no período entre maio de 2004 e dezembro de 2008. Em relação à área doadora, das 199 reconstruções, 175 foram procedimentos de enxerto de osso autógeno, sendo abordadas 210 áreas doadoras. Resultados: Os enxertos com osso particulado totalizaram 48 procedimentos (24,12%). O levantamento de seio maxilar foi realizado em 28 pacientes (14,07%). Já a distração osteogênica e lateralização do nervo alveolar inferior foi realizada em cinco (2,51%) e três (1,51%) procedimentos respectivamente. Foi registrada a falha de 11 enxertos com osso autógeno. Dos enxertos perdidos, 90,9% deles foram os de bloco tipo onlay. Conclusão: A utilização de enxertos ósseos autógenos nas reconstruções de rebordos alveolares que apresentam atrofia é um tratamento com alto índice de sucesso, destacando-se a cirurgia de levantamento de soalho de seio maxilar como a modalidade mais previsível de reconstrução óssea.

Estudo retrospectivo da relação entre o tempo de carga protética e a perda tardia dos implantes / The relationship between prosthetic loading time period and late dental implant failure: a retrospective study

Este estudo retrospectivo teve como objetivo avaliar a relação entre a perda tardia dos implantes com o tempo de carga protética, realizados na Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba durante o período de 11 anos. Para isso, foram selecionados 875 prontuários de pacientes submetidos a tratamento com implantes e prótese sobreimplantes durante um período de 11 anos, totalizando 939 implantes. Dos 55 implantes que foram perdidos após a reabilitação concluída e sob função, fez-se a análise do tempo entre a instalação da prótese e o momento do fracasso da reabilitação. A análise estatística utilizada foi a do teste t para amostras independentes (com o valor p < 0,05) e posterior modelo de regressão logística binomial, a fim de quantificar os resultados encontrados. Como resultado, foi observada influência estatisticamente significante entre a perda tardia dos implantes com o tempo da reabilitação em função (valor p = 0,000), apresentando risco de perda 0,7 vezes menor a cada mês (probabilidade = 0,7). Com este estudo, concluiu-se que a perda tardia dos implantes é maior nos primeiros meses da reabilitação e após o primeiro ano, a chance de fracasso diminui consideravelmente

This retrospective study evaluated the association between late implant failure and prosthetic loading moment at the Piracicaba Dental School for an 11-year period. For this, 875 charts of patients treated with implant-supported prostheses (n=939 implants) were selected. The Student´s t test for independent samples (p<0.05) and binomial logistic regression model (odds ratio) were used to analyze time between prosthesis function and failure. Fifty-five implants were lost in function. Statistically significant influences were observed between late implant loss over time in function (p = 0.000), with the risk being 0.7 times lesser each month. This study concluded that late implant failure is higher in the first months, and after the first year, the chance of failure is significantly reduced.

Prospective clinical assessment of morbidity after chin bone harvest.

The aim of this prospective research was to assess soft tissue morbidity in the symphyseal region after bone graft harvesting. Thirty patients, with average age 45 years, underwent symphyseal bone graft harvesting followed up for a period of 12 months. Follow-up involved neurosensory testing of 2-point discrimination, static light touch, brush directional stroke, pinprick, and thermal discrimination to cold and hot; the statistical analysis was performed using McNemar test and Friedman test with P < 0.05. The results showed that 50% of patients had postoperative morbidity in the first month after surgery showing statistical positive relation with surgery (P < 0.05); at 6 months, this situation diminished to 23%, and at the end of the monitoring period (1 year); the neurosensory tests revealed no persistent morbidity. In conclusion, all neurosensory tests revealed high morbidity in the first month with total resolutions at 1-year follow-up; however, this complication associated to surgery is indispensable to discharge the patient properly.

Septum en seno maxilar: un estudio de 91 cirugías consecutivas de elevación de piso sinusal / Septum on maxillary sinus: a study in 91 consecutive surgeries of maxillary sinus floor elevation

La elevación de piso sinusal maxilar ha sido ampliamente discutida y presenta altas tasas de éxito. El objetivo de esta investigación fue establecer la prevalencia de septum intrasinusal presente en cirugías consecutivas de elevación de piso sinusal y establecer su relación con las perforaciones de membrana sinusal. Noventa y un cirugías fueron realizadas en pacientes que presentaban indicación para instalar implantes dentales en maxila posterior; fueron incluidos aquellos pacientes que presentaron documentos clínicos íntegros (ficha clínica, radiografías, entre otros) y que no presentasen contraindicación del procedimiento; las cirugías fueron realizadas con anestesia local o general y fueron rellenados con biomateriales o hueso autógeno. El septum fue identificado mediante la imagen panorámica preoperatoria y de forma clínica intraoperatoria, mientras que cualquier complicación fue estudiada y relacionada con la presencia de septum; el estudio estadístico se realizó a través de la prueba test de Fisher siendo reconocido el valor de p<0.05. Fueron operados 72 sujetos (53 mujeres y 19 hombres) con una edad promedio de 44,5 años; en el 74,7 por ciento no se observó ningún tipo de complicación, mientras que en el 18,7 por ciento de los casos se observó perforación de la membrana sinusal. Septum sinusal fue observado en el 17,6 por ciento de los casos operados (16 senos maxilares), presentando 12 septum en posición anterior y 4 en posición posterior. La presencia de septum tuvo relación estadísticamente significativa con la laceración de membrana sinusal (p<0,05). Finalmente, podemos señalar que la presencia de septum intrasinusal se observó en 17 por ciento de los casos y se relaciona directamente con complicaciones intraoperatorias como la perforación de membrana.

Sinus lift has been widely studied and is highly successful. The aim of this research was to establish the prevalence of intrasinusal septum in consecutive surgeries for maxillary sinus floor elevation and identify the relation with sinus membrane rupture. Ninety one surgeries were realized in patients with an indication for dental implant installation in the posterior maxilla; the patient with complete clinical and medical record (card, radiography, etc.) and without contraindications for the procedure was included in the study; the surgery was realized with local or general anesthesia and the material used for inlay graft was autogenous bone or biometarials. The septum was identified by panoramic image in the preoperatory and clinically at the time of surgery; any complication was studied and related to intrasinusal septum; the statistical study was carried out with Fisher test with p value <0.05. Surgery was performed on 72 subjects (53 female and 19 male) with a mean age of 44.5 years of age; in 74.7 percent of patients no complications were observed, while 18.7 percent presented sinusal membrane rupture. The septum was observed in 18.7 percent (16 maxillary sinus), showing 12 septum in anterior position and 4 in posterior position; the presence of septum was positively related to membrane rupture (p<0.05). Finally, we can state that the intrasinusal septum was observed in 17 percent and was related to intraoperatory complications as membrane rupture.

Reposicionamento cirúrgico de implante osseointegrado através de osteotomia segmentar: relato de caso / Surgical repositioning of osseointegrated dental implant through segmental osteotomy: Case report

Para se obter previsibilidade no tratamento com implantes osseointegrados, sabe-se que o planejamento reverso é considerado um requisito fundamental. Porém, determinados fatores, que vão desde a habilidade do profissional a intercorrências transoperatórias, podem resultar no mal posicionamento do implante, que muitas vezes é observado no momento da reabilitação protética. Para a resolução desse problema, a técnica da osteotomia segmentar com enxerto interposicional pode ser realizada, com o objetivo de possibilitar a posterior reabilitação protética desses implantes dentro dos padrões funcionais e estéticos satisfatórios. O objetivo do presente estudo é demonstrar a aplicabilidade dessa técnica por meio do relato de um caso de implante, na região do elemento 11, que foi inserido insatisfatoriamente no sentido vertical, acarretando em insatisfação estética por parte do paciente. Ao término do tratamento, observou-se que a resolução estética do caso foi possível sem a necessidade de remoção do implante e, consequentemente, cirurgias adicionais. Assim, conclui-se que essa técnica está indicada para o reposicionamento de implantes osseointegrados.

Seeking for predictability in osseointegrated implant treatment, the reverse planning is essential. However, factors such as the ability of the professional and surgical complications result in improper placement of dental implants that go unnoticed until the time of prosthetic rehabilitation. To resolve these complications, the segmental sandwich osteotomy combined with an interpositional autograft can be performed to allow for the placement of implants within the satisfactory functional and esthetic results. The objective of this study is to report the case of a vertically misplaced implant which caused esthetic complaints of the patient. Esthetic resolution of the case was observed at the end of treatment, without the need for implant removal and additional surgery, concluding that this technique is indicated for the repositioning of osseointegrated implants.

Utilização da crista ilíaca nas reconstruções ósseas da cavidade bucal: relato de caso / Use of iliac crest in the bone reconstruction of the oral cavity: case report

Atualmente, a reabilitação dos maxilares atróficos ainda permanece como grande desafio ao cirurgião. A utilização da crista ilíaca tem sido apresentada na literatura como uma opção viável para o tratamento daqueles pacientes edêntulos que apresentam severa atrofia dos rebordos alveolares. Sendo assim, o objetivo do presente trabalho é relatar o caso clínico de uma paciente que procurou o Departamento de Cirurgia Bucomaxilofacial da Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, da Universidade Estadual de Campinas, para realização de tratamento com implantes dentários. Em sua avaliação clínica e radiográfica, evidenciou-se tecido ósseo alveolar insuficiente para a instalação dos implantes. Diante disso, a paciente foi orientada e submetida a uma cirurgia de reconstrução óssea com abordagem da crista ilíaca como área doadora, sendo o procedimento cirúrgico realizado em ambiente hospitalar, sob anestesia geral. Decorrido 5 meses da realização da cirurgia de reconstrução óssea, foi realizada a instalação dos implantes dentários em ambiente ambulatorial, sob anestesia local. Posteriormente, após 6 meses, foi realizada a instalação da prótese. Como conclusão, pode-se afirmar que a crista ilíaca se mostrou uma opção previsível para a reconstrução da atrofia maxilar.

Currently. the rehabilitation of atrophic jaws still remains a challenge for surgeons. The use of iliac crest has been presented in the literature as a viable option for the treatment of those edentulous patients who have severe atrophy of the alveolar ridges. Therefore, the objective of this study is to report the case of a patient who sought the department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery from the College of Dentistry of Piracicaba/ State University of Campinas for completion of treatment with dental implants. The c1inical and radiographic evaluation revealed a alveolar bone tissue insufficient for the installation of implants. Given that, the patient was oriented and underwent reconstructive surgery with bone approach of the iliac crest as the donor, and the surgical procedure was performed at a hospital under general anesthesia. Five months after the bone reconstruction surgery, the installation of dental implants was performed in an outpatient setting under local anesthesia. Later, after six months, the installation of the prosthesis was carried out. In conclusion, it can be said that the iliac crest showed a predictable option for the reconstruction of maxillary atrophy.

Bifocal distraction in patient with rheumatoid arthritis and severe condylar degeneration: report of case / Distracción bifocal en paciente con artritis reumatoide y degeneración condilar severa: reporte de un caso

Facial involvement in patients with rheumatoid arthritis is variable depending on the type, onset, and duration of the disease. The treatment of patients with open bite resulting from degenerative changes on the condyles can be a challenge for the surgeon. Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic disorder of unknown etiology characterized by chronic inflammation and proliferation of synovial tissue. Studies showed that patients with rheumatoid arthritis can developed progressive osteoarthrosis that result in gross radiographic changes in the condyles. With the development of distraction osteogénesis for treatment of mandible hypoplasia a new chapter has been opened in the surgical management of patients with rheumatoid arthritis associated with skeletal deficiency. The aim of this paper is to evaluate osteogenesis distraction for treatment of anterior open bite in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and severe condylar degeneration.

El compromiso facial en pacientes con artritis reumatoide es variable dependiendo del inicio, tipo y duración de la enfermedad. El tratamiento del paciente con mordida abierta resultante de procesos degenerativos condilares son desafiantes para los cirujanos. La artritis reumatoide es una enfermedad sistémica de etiología desconocida caracterizada por inflamación crónica y proliferación del tejido sinovial. Algunos estudios han demostrado que pacientes con artritis reumatoide pueden desarrollar osteoartrosis progresiva que resulta en importantes cambios condilares. Con el desarrollo de la distracción osteogénica para el tratamiento de la hipoplasia mandibular se abrió un nuevo capítulo en el manejo quirúrgico de pacientes con artritis reumatoide asociada a deficiencias esqueletales. El objetivo de este artículo es evaluar la aplicación de distracción osteogénica en un caso de mordida abierta anterior en paciente con artritis reumatoide y degeneración condilar severa.

Acidentes durante a realização da osteotomia sagital do ramo mandibular: relato de caso / Accidents during the course of the sagittal split osteotomy of the mandibular ramus: Literature review and case report

A osteotomia sagital do ramo mandibular é um procedimento amplamente utilizado para a correção de deformidades dentofaciais, tanto para aquelas que necessitam de avanços ou recuos mandibulares. Diversos autores realizaram estudos e sugeriram modificações procurando aperfeiçoar esta técnica, sendo que na atualidade este pode ser considerado um procedimento corriqueiro, versátil e previsível. Mas, como toda técnica cirúrgica, ela não esta livre da ocorrência de acidentes e complicações. Sendo assim, o objetivo do presente trabalho é relatar o caso clínico de uma paciente submetida à realização de OSRM para tratamento de retrognatismo mandibular, onde durante o procedimento cirúrgico houve uma fratura indesejada no segmento proximal, bem como a descrever forma de tratamento realizada.

The sagittal split osteotomy of the mandibular ramus is a widely used procedure for the correction of dentofacial deformities, both for those who require mandibular advances or retreats. Several authors have conducted studies and suggested changes trying to perfect this technique, and at present this procedure can be considered predictable and versatile. But, like any surgical technique, it is not free of accidents and complications. Therefore, the objective of this study is to report the case of a patient submitted to a sagittal split osteotomy of the mandibular ramus for treatment of mandibular retrognathia, where during the surgical procedure was an unwanted fracture in the proximal segment, as well as to describe a form of treatment performed.

TMJ ankylosis after neonatal septic arthritis: literature review and two case reports.

Ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) can be a result of several causes such as trauma, degenerative changes, infection, and space-occupying lesion. When occurring during early childhood, it can result in severe functional disability and facial deformity. Septic arthritis is an uncommon disease associated with systemic and local factors being most commonly caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Haemophilus influenzae. This paper presents two unusual cases of TMJ ankylosis following neonatal infections treated surgically and does a literature review about the topic.

Mineralized tissue formation associated with 2 different dental implant designs: histomorphometric analyses performed in dogs.

The clinical success of dental implants might be associated with such factors as installation technique, implant shape, size, material, and screw threads. Therefore, the aim of this study is to analyze mineralized tissue formation on the screw threads of conical and cylindrical dental implants. This study includes 7 beagle dogs that had the lower premolars extracted. Three months after bone and soft tissue repair, 2 different designs of dental implants (1 conical and 1 cylindrical) were installed in each hemimandible using a nonsubmerged technique. Both implants when installed had different shape and thread, as revealed by scanning electron microscopy. Six weeks after implant installation, animals were killed and submitted to histomorphometric analysis. Cervical, middle, and apical areas were analyzed. Statistical analysis was carried out using Student t test at a significance level of P < .05. Statistically significant differences were not found between the conical and cylindrical implants. The conical implants presented fewer threads, a smaller area, and more bone formation when compared with the cylindrical ones, without significant differences (P  =  .1226). The highest values concerning bone formation were observed for the cervical area (P  =  .4005), and the lowest for the apical area (P  =  .1899); however, no statistically significant difference was observed. In conclusion, no statistically significant difference was observed in thread bone formation between the cylindrical and conical implant designs when placed using the nonsubmerged technique.